Rnd
Returns a random Double precision number in the range [0, 1)
result = Rnd( seed )
number
Returns the random number generated.
Returns a number of type Double in the range [0, 1) (i.e. 0 <= Rnd < 1), based on a random seed (see Randomize).
Rnd can use a variety of different algorithms - see Randomize for details of the default and selectable algorithms.
Rnd will return the same sequence of numbers every time a program is run. This sequence can be changed by reseeding the generator.
The default algorithm used depends on the current dialect in use:
Syntax
Usage
result = Rnd( seed )
Parameters
number
Optional Single argument. If seed has a value of zero, the last random number generated is repeated, for any other number a new random number is returned. With the QB-compatible algorithm, a negative number fully reseeds the generator. The default for no argument is to return a new random number.
Return Value
Returns the random number generated.
Description
Returns a number of type Double in the range [0, 1) (i.e. 0 <= Rnd < 1), based on a random seed (see Randomize).
Rnd can use a variety of different algorithms - see Randomize for details of the default and selectable algorithms.
Rnd will return the same sequence of numbers every time a program is run. This sequence can be changed by reseeding the generator.
Example
'' Function to a random number in the range [first, last), or {first <= x < last}.
Function rnd_range (first As Double, last As Double) As Double
Function = Rnd * (last - first) + first
End Function
'' seed the random number generator, so the sequence is not the same each time
Randomize
'' prints a random number in the range [0, 1), or {0 <= x < 1}.
Print Rnd
'' prints a random number in the range [0, 10), or {0 <= x < 10}.
Print Rnd * 10
'' prints a random integral number in the range [1, 11), or {1 <= x < 11}.
'' with integers, this is equivalent to [1, 10], or {1 <= n <= 10}.
Print Int(Rnd * 10) + 1
'' prints a random integral number in the range [69, 421), or {69 <= x < 421}.
'' this is equivalent to [69, 420], or {69 <= n <= 420}.
Print Int(rnd_range(69, 421))
Function rnd_range (first As Double, last As Double) As Double
Function = Rnd * (last - first) + first
End Function
'' seed the random number generator, so the sequence is not the same each time
Randomize
'' prints a random number in the range [0, 1), or {0 <= x < 1}.
Print Rnd
'' prints a random number in the range [0, 10), or {0 <= x < 10}.
Print Rnd * 10
'' prints a random integral number in the range [1, 11), or {1 <= x < 11}.
'' with integers, this is equivalent to [1, 10], or {1 <= n <= 10}.
Print Int(Rnd * 10) + 1
'' prints a random integral number in the range [69, 421), or {69 <= x < 421}.
'' this is equivalent to [69, 420], or {69 <= n <= 420}.
Print Int(rnd_range(69, 421))
Dialect Differences
The default algorithm used depends on the current dialect in use:
- With the -lang fb dialect, a 32 bit Mersenne Twister function with a granularity of 32 bits is used.
- With the -lang qb dialect, a function giving the same output as Rnd in QB is used. The granularity is 24 bits.
- With the -lang deprecated and -lang fblite dialects, the function in the C runtime available in the system is used. The function available in Win32 has a granularity of 15 bits, and 32 bits in Linux and DOS.
Differences from QB
See also
