,       3GL   4GL   5GL   .

- , " ", .

- . , - .

: Basic, Perl, Tcl, Python, PHP, Ruby, Smalltalk, JavaScript.

Visual Basic , - , Visual Basiv .

, - , - . DDL- (, ). , , HTML- .

, . , , JavaScript, Perl, Python Ruby.

, , , , , , , . , , .

, C++ Java. , , , , . . , .

, Tiobe Software, , , , C++ Java. , .

, . AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML), LAMP, Linux; Web- Apache; MySQL, Perl, PHP Python) Ruby on Rails. , Microsoft Sun Microsystems, .

Python , Google , , , , , , . , Blackfriars Communications , Unix, , .

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. , BASIC, APL Lisp 50- . , ABAP, Groovy, SAS Tcl; , , .

JavaScript ECMAScript

1995 Netscape Communications JavaScript, Java, . HTML- Web-, , .

ECMAScript, ISO ECMA, . , JavaScript, Jscript Microsoft.

PHP

1995 PHP, , Tiobe.

PHP ( personal home page, ) - , Web-. PHP HTML- .

PHP Data Objects .

Zend Technologies, PHP, Microsoft, Windows.

Perl

1987 Practical Extraction and Reporting Language (www.perl.org).

Perl Unix, , Web-. , Web-. Perl , Web- , .

Perl , - , .

Python

Python (www.python.org) 1990 . - , Perl. Python, (Monte Pythons Flying Circus), .

; , Mac OS, Unix Windows, .

Python , - . Python .

, Google, Python .

Ruby

Ruby 1995 .

Ruby Perl Smalltalk. - . , , , . Ruby Linux, Mac OS, Unix Windows.

Ruby , , .

Ruby -, .

, . . , .

LAMP. LAMP (www.lampware.org) , , Web. , Web- . LAMP . LAMP , .

AJAX. AJAX, 90- , Web-, Web- , , . AJAX .

Seaside. Seaside (www.seaside.st), 2004 , AJAX- Web- Smalltalk.

Ruby on Rails. Ruby Ruby on Rails, , . Rails , (convention). , . Rails , , Web-. , .

Eclipse Foundation. Eclipse Foundation, , Java Eclipse, PHP- .

Microsoft. Microsoft , Iron Python, JScript PHP , , CLR (common language runtime) .NET. , .

Microsoft CodePlex Phalanger. PHP - .NET.

Sun. Java , , , Sun Microsystems Web-. , Sun Java , .

JavaScript Java NetBeans. , , Sun Java- Ruby, JRuby.

, , , , . , , . , , , , Java, .

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