Java             3GL - .   4GL -     DB-

JAVA

Java

Java . C++ , . , , , . java.lang , , . , String, , . , , . StringBuffer , .

String, StringBuffer final, , . , .

 

, String new. :

String s = new String():

s String , .

char chars[] = { '', 'b', '' }:

String s = new String(chars);

System.out.println(s):

abc. , 3 :

String(char chars[], int , int );

:

char chars[] = { 'a', 'b', '', 'd', 'e', 'f' }:

String s = new String(chars,2,3);

System.out.println(s);

cde.

 

Java , . String .

Java , . , char.

String s = "abc";

System.out.println(s);

, String length, . 3, 3 .

String s = "abc";

System.out.println(s.length);

Java , - String, -, . 3.

System.out.println("abc".Length());

 

String s = is + age + " years old.";

+ , , , , :

String s = new StringBuffer("He is ").append(age);

s.append(" years old.").toString();

String . , . . Java , , String, StringBuffer.

 

. String, , StringBuffer? . , String Java , .

 

:

String s = " is " + age + " years old.";

, age String, , , int, . int append StringBuffer, . , , . :

String s = "four: " + 2 + 2;

, , s four: 4? . "four: 22".

, , :

String s = "four: " + (2 + 2);

 

String toString , , Object. toStrring , .

 

class Point {

int , ;

Point(int x, int ) {

this.x = ;

this. = ;

}

public String toString() {

return "Point[" + x + ", " + + "]";

} }

class toStringDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

Point p = new Point(10, 20);

System.out.println("p = " + p);

} }

 

, .

:\> Java toStringDemo
p = Point[10, 20]

 

, , charAt. , getChars. , String.

 

class getCharsDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

String s = "This is a demo of the getChars method.";

int start = 10;

int end = 14;

char buf[] = new char[end - start];

s.getChars(start, end, buf, 0);

System.out.println(buf);

} }

 

getChars end. 4 .

:\> java getCharsDemo

demo

 

String toCharArray, char . byte, 16- . getBytes, , getChars, byte.

 

, , equals String. equalsIgnoreCase, . , :

 

class equalDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

String s1 = "Hello";

String s2 = "Hello";

String s3 = "Good-bye";

String s4 = "HELLO";

System.out.println(s1 + " equals " + s2 + " -> " + s1.equals(s2));

System.out.println(s1 + " equals " + s3 + " -> " + s1.equals(s3));

System.out.println(s1 + " equals " + s4 + " -> " + s1.equals(s4));

System.out.println(s1 + " equalsIgnoreCase " + s4 + " -> " +                                     

                   s1.equalsIgnoreCase(s4));

} }

 

:

:\> java equalsDemo

Hello equals Hello -> true

Hello equals Good-bye -> false

Hello equals HELLO -> false

Hello equalsIgnoreCase HELLO -> true

 

String , equals. regionMatches -. startsWith , , . endsWith .

 

equals == . equal , == - , . , , , , equals == .

 

class EqualsNotEqualTo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

String s1 = "Hello";

String s2 = new String(s1);

System.out.println(s1 + " equals " + s2 + " -> " + s1.equals(s2));

System.out.println(s1 + " == " + s2 + ", -> " + (s1 == s2));

} }

 

:

C:\> java EqualsNotEqualTo

Hello equals Hello -> true
Hello == Hello -> false

 

, . , , , . compareTo String. , , , , , -, . compareTo 0, . , , compareTo. .

 

class SortString {

static String arr[] = {"Now", "is", "the", "time", "for", "all",   

                       "good", "men", "to", "come", "to", "the",    

                       "aid", "of", "their", "country" };

public static void main(String args[]) {

for (int j = 0; i < arr.length; j++) {

     for (int i = j + 1; i < arr.length; i++) {

          if (arr[i].compareTo(arr[j]) < 0) {

              String t = arr[j];

              arr[j] = arr[i];

              arr[i] = t;

          }

     } 

     System.out.println(arr[j]);

}

} }

 

 

indexOf lastIndexOf

String , indexOf lastIndexOf. , , . , -1. , .

 

class indexOfDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

String s = "Now is the time for all good men " +

           "to come to the aid of their country " +

           "and pay their due taxes.";

System.out.println(s);

System.out.println("indexOf(t) = " + s.indexOf('f));

System.out.println("lastlndexOf(t) = " + s.lastlndexOf('f));

System.out.println("indexOf(the) = " + s.indexOf("the"));

System.out.println("lastlndexOf(the) = " + s.lastlndexOf("the"));

System.out.println("indexOf(t, 10) = " + s.indexOf('f , 10));

System.out.println("lastlndexOf(t, 50) = " + s.lastlndexOf('f , 50));

System.out.println("indexOf(the, 10) = " + s.indexOf("the", 10));

System.out.println("lastlndexOf(the, 50) = " + s.lastlndexOf("the", 50));

} }

 

. , .

:> java indexOfDemo

Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country

and pay their due taxes.

indexOf(t) = 7

lastlndexOf(t) = 87

indexOf(the) = 7

lastlndexOf(the) = 77

index0f(t, 10) = 11

lastlndex0f(t, 50) = 44

index0f(the, 10) = 44

lastlndex0f(the, 50) = 44

 

String , , , StringBuffer, String, , .

 

substring

String, substring. , . , . , , , ( ) , .

"Hello World".substring(6) -> "World"

"Hello World".substring(3,8) -> "lo Wo"

 

concat

, concat. String, , .

"Hello".concat(" World") -> "Hello World"

 

replace

replace . , , .

"Hello".replace('l' , 'w') -> "Hewwo"

 

toLowerCase toUpperCase

, .

"Hello".toLowerCase() -> "hello"

"Hello".toUpperCase() -> "HELLO"

 

trim

, , trim .

Hello World    .trirn() -> "Hello World"

 

valueOf

- , . valueOf. Java ( , ). .

 

StringBuffer

StringBuffer String, , . String , . StringBuffer , . Java , String, +. Java StringBuffer .

 

StringBuffer , 16 . , . , , , 16 . StringBuffer , length, , StringBuffer capacity. , :

 

class StringBufferDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("Hello");

System.out.println("buffer = " + sb);

System.out.println("length = " + sb.length());

System.out. println("capacity = " + sb.capacity());

} }

 

, , String-Buffer .

:\> java StringBufferDemo

buffer = Hello

length = 5

capacity = 21

 

ensureCapacity

StringBuffer , ensureCapacity. , , .

 

setLength

, setLength. , , , . setCharDemo sstLength .

 

charAt setCharAt

StringBuffer charAt. setCharAt . :

 

class setCharAtDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("Hello");

System.out.println("buffer before = " + sb);

System.out.println("charAt(1) before = " + sb.charAt(1));

sb.setCharAt(1, 'i');

sb.setLength(2);

System.out.println("buffer after = " + sb);

System.out.println("charAt(1) after = " + sb.charAt(1));

} }

 

, .

C:\> java setCharAtDemo

buffer before = Hello

charAt(1) before = e

buffer after = Hi

charAt(1) after = i

 

append

append StringBuffer + . String.valueOf StringBuffer. append StringBuffer, . , .

 

class appendDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) {

String s;

int a = 42;

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(40);

s = sb.append("a = ").append(a).append("!").toString();

System.out.println(s);

} }

 

:

:\> Java appendDemo

= 42!

 

insert

insert append , . , append, , String.valueOf, StringBuffer, , . "there" "hello" "world!".

 

class insertDemo {

public static void       main(String args[]) {

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("hello world !");

sb.insert(6,"there ");

System.out.println(sb);

} }

 

      :

:\> java insertDemo

hello there world!

 

Java String StringBuffer. , , URL . Java (Unicode ). , Java , ASCII, , char.

 

Java             3GL - .   4GL -     DB-


, - - :
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