ABAP/4 ОКМ ДМ экономическая информатика 4GL Теория и практика обработки информации

Компьютерный язык ABAP/4 - ключевые слова

IMPORT - Get data

Variants

1. IMPORT f itab FROM MEMORY.
2. IMPORT f itab FROM DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.
3. IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO itab FROM DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.
4. IMPORT f itab FROM DATASET dsn(ar) ID key.

Variant 1

IMPORT f itab FROM MEMORY.

Additions

1. ... TO g (for each field f to be imported)
2. ... ID key

Effect

Imports data objects (fields or tables) from the ABAP/4 memory (see EXPORT ). Reads in all data without an ID that was exported to memory with "EXPORT ... TO MEMORY." . In contrast to the variant IMPORT FROM DATABASE , it does not check that the structure matches in EXPORT and IMPORT .

The return code value is set as follows:

SY-SUBRC = 0 The data objects were successfully imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The data objects could not be imported, probably
because the ABAP/4 memory was empty.
The contents of all objects remain unchanged.

Addition 1

... TO g (for each field f to be imported)

Effect

Takes the field contents stored under f from the global ABAP/4 memory and places them in the field g .

Addition 2

... ID key

Effect

Imports only data stored in ABAP/4 memory under the ID key .

The return code value is set as follows:

SY-SUBRC = 0 The data objects were successfully imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The data objects could not be imported, probably
because an incorrect ID was used.
The contents of all objects remain unchanged.

Variant 2

IMPORT f itab FROM DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.

Additions

1. ... TO g (for each field f to be imported)
2. ... MAJOR-ID maid (instead of ID key )
3. ... MINOR-ID miid (together with MAJOR-ID maid )
4. ... CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar) )
5. ... USING form

Effect

Imports data objects (fields, field strings or internal tables) with the ID key from the area ar of the database dbtab (see also EXPORT )

The return code value is set as follows:

SY-SUBRC = 0 The data objects were successfully imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The data objects could not be imported, probably
because an incorrect ID was used.
The contents of all objects remain unchanged.

Example

Import two fields and an internal table:


TABLES INDX.
DATA: INDXKEY LIKE INDX-SRTFD,
      F1(4), F2 TYPE P,
      BEGIN OF TAB3 OCCURS 10,
        CONT(4),
      END OF TAB3.

INDXKEY = 'INDXKEY'.
IMPORT F1 F2 TAB3 FROM DATABASE INDX(ST) ID INDXKEY.

Notes

The structure of fields, field strings and internal tables to be imported must match the structure of the objects exported to the dataset. In addition, the objects must be imported under the same name used to export them. If this is not the case, either a runtime error occurs or no import takes place.
Exception: You can lengthen or shorten the last field if it is of type CHAR , or add/omit CHAR fields at the end of the structure.

Addition 1

... TO g (for each field f to be imported)

Effect

Takes the field contents stored under the name f from the database and places them in g .

Addition 2

... MAJOR-ID maid (instead of ID key )

Addition 3

... MINOR-ID miid (together with MAJOR-ID maid )

Effect

Searches for a record with an ID that matches maid in the first part (length of maid ) and - if MINOR-ID miid is also specified - is greater than or equal to miid in the second part.

Addition 4

... CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar) )

Effect

Takes the data from the client h (only with client-specific import/export databases).

Example


TABLES INDX.
DATA F1.
IMPORT F1 FROM DATABASE INDX(AR) CLIENT '002' ID 'TEST'.

Addition 5

... USING form

Effect

Does not read the data from the database. Instead, calls the FORM routine form for each record read from the database without this addition. This routine can take the data key of the data to be retrieved from the database table work area and write the retrieved data to this work area schreiben; it therefore has no parameters.

Note

Runtime errors

Depending on the operands or the datsets to be imported, various runtime errors may occur.

Variant 3

IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO itab FROM DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.

Additions

1. ... CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar) )

Effect

Imports an object directory stored under the specified ID with EXPORT into the table itab .

The return code value is set as follows:

SY-SUBRC = 0 The directory was successfully imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The directory could not be imported, probably because an incorrect ID was used.

The internal table itab must have the same structure as the Dictionary structure CDIR (INCLUDE STRUCTURE ).

Addition 1

... CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar) )

Effect

Takes data from the client h (only with client-specific import/export databases).

Example

Directory of a cluster consisting of two fields and an internal table:


TABLES INDX.
DATA: INDXKEY LIKE INDX-SRTFD,
      F1(4), F2 TYPE P,
      BEGIN OF TAB3 OCCURS 10,
        CONT(4),
      END OF TAB3,
      BEGIN OF DIRTAB OCCURS 10.
        INCLUDE STRUCTURE CDIR.
DATA  END OF DIRTAB.

INDXKEY = 'INDXKEY'.
EXPORT F1 F2 TAB3 TO
       DATABASE INDX(ST) ID INDXKEY.    " TAB3 has 17 entries
...
IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO DIRTAB FROM DATABASE INDX(ST) ID INDXKEY.

Then, the table DIRTAB contains the following:

NAME OTYPE FTYPE TFILL FLENG
-----------------------------------
F1 F C 0 4
F2 F P 0 8
TAB3 T C 17 4
The meaning of the individual fields is as follows:
NAME : Name of stored object OTYPE : Object type ( F : Field, R : Field string / Dictionary structure, T : Internal table) FTYPE : Field type ( C : Character, P : Packed, ...)
Field strings and internal tables have the type C. TFILL : Number of internal table lines filled FLENG : Length of field in bytes
With internal tables: Length of header line.

Variant 4

IMPORT f itab ... FROM DATASET dsn(ar) ID key.

Note

ABAP/4 ОКМ ДМ экономическая информатика 4GL Теория и практика обработки информации

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